Sistem bilangan Biner dan kode - kode digital merupakan dasar untuk komputer dan elektronika digital secara umum.
* Bilangan Desimal
* Bilangan Biner
Sistem bilangan biner merupakan cara lain untuk melambangkan kuantitas, dimana 1 (HIGH) dan 0 (LOW). Sistem bilangan biner mempunyai nilai basis 2 dengan nilai setiap posisi dibagi dengan faktor 2 :
Konversi Desimal ke Biner
* Metode Sum - of - Weight
* Pengulangan pembagian dengan metode bilangan 2
* Konversi fraksi desimal ke biner
* Metode Sum - Of - Weight
Repeated Division by 2 Method
A systematic method of converting whole numbers from decimal to binary is teh repeated division - by - 2 process
* Converting Decimal Fraction to Binary
Binary Arithmetic
Binary arithmetic is essential in all digital computers and in many other types of digital systems. Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication, and Division
* Binary Addition
The four basic rules for adding binary digits (bits) are as follows:
0 + 0 = 0 sum of 0 with a carry of 0
0 + 1 = 1 sum of 1 with a carry of 0
1 + 0 = 1 sum of 1 with a carry of 0
1 + 1 = 10 sum of 0 with a carry of 1
* Binary Subtraction
The four basic rules of subtracting bits are as follows:
0 - 0 = 0
1 - 1 = 0
1 - 0 = 1
10 - 1 = 1
* Binary Multiplication
The four basic rules for multiplying bits are as follows:
0 x 0 = 0
0 x 1 = 0
1 x 0 = 0
1 x 1 = 1
* Binary Division
Division in binary follows the same procedure as division in decimal
1 and 2 Complements of Binary Numbers
* The 1 and 2 complements of binary number are very important because they permit the representation of negative numbers
* The method of 2 compliment arithmatic is commonly used in computers to handle negative numbers
* Finding the 1 Compliment
The 1 compliment of a binary number is found by changing all 1 to 0 and all 0 to 1
* Finding the 2 Compliment
The 2 compliment of a binary number is found by adding 1 to the LSB of the 1 compliment
* Hexadecimal Numbers
- Most digital systems deal with groups of bits even powers of 2 such as 8, 16, 32, and 64 bits.
- Hexadecimal uses groups of 4 bits.
- Base 16
- 16 possible symbols
- 0 - 9 and A - F
- Allows for convenient handling of long binary strings
* Hexadecimal Number
- Convert from hex to decimal by multiplying each hex digit by its positional weight.
- Hexadecimal is useful for representing long strings of bits.
- Understanding teh conversion process and memorizing the 4 bit patterns for each hexadecimal digit will prove valuable later.
* BCD
Binary Coded Decimal (BCD) is another way to present decimal numbers in binary form. BCD is widely used and combines features of both decimal and binary systems. Each digit is concerted to a binary equivalent.
* Alphanumeric Codes
- Represents characters and functions found on a computer keyboard.
- ASCII - American Standard Code for Information Interchange.
- Seven bit code : 2^7 = 128 possible code groups
- Table 2 - 4 lists the standard ASCII codes
- Examples of use are : to transfer information between computers, between computers and printers, and for internal storage.
Sumber :
Nama : Rafi Fadhlur Rahman
NIM : 2003015221
Kelas : 2F
